Pardubice’s city hall was built because the city wanted to bring together several municipal institutions under one roof – not only the municipal government authorities, but also the municipal police, savings bank, museum and cultural association. The new building also housed non-municipal institutions under the control of ministries, such as the tax office and the district court.
The winner of the architectural competition was the Prague architect Jan Vejrych (1856–1926), and between 1892 and 1894 the new city hall was built to his design. Located on sloping ground between the main square (Pernštýnské náměstí) and the river embankment (Wernerovo nábřeží), the building consisted of four wings, with three floors on both the front and rear façades.
1894: The city hall is completed
The main façade is dominated by a pair of towers which give the building the necessary grandeur that the city council wanted. The towers break up the large block shape of the building, so that it looks more similar in size to the considerably smaller neighbouring buildings. The windows of the mayor’s office are emphasized by their arches which combine to form an arcade; above their pillars are frescos depicting personifications of selflessness, honesty and civic courage. The ornamentation also features reliefs depicting members of the 16th-century Bohemian estates in the niches of the towers.
The ornamentation of the rear façade is more modest, consisting mainly of sgraffito patterns. It is dominated by the figures between the second-floor windows, based on templates by the artist Mikoláš Aleš. Because the building was also used by the city’s cultural association, there are depictions of dance, recitation, lectures, music, and culture in general.
Vejrych’s ingenious design can be clearly seen in the well-lit interiors of the city hall. The most decorative room was the large assembly hall, which contains patriotic allegories (Homeland, Community) by Karel Ludvík Klusáček.
The city hall was controversial from the very beginning. Its opponents criticized the fact that the original Baroque city hall had been demolished to make way for the new building, and they also disliked the change in the city’s panorama. However, proponents of modern architecture saw Vejrych’s design as an example of his admirably thorough approach.